National Culture of Kazakhstan
Kazakh People promoting their culture
The National Culture of Kazakhstan is a system of scientific, artistic, linguistic, moral values, religious and philosophical achievements of peoples of the country, focused on the life and activities in a single and spiritual space since ancient Kazakhstan and the Kazakh Khanate, up to date, reproducible from one generation to generation compatriots in accordance with the terms of successive eras, life meaning and other national psychological dominants. The National Culture of Kazakhstan is a complex, dynamic and historical formation, wherein the unique specificity of a number of features from other national cultures. The Kazakh traditional culture is a variation of complex of values, which reflects the transmitted from one generation to another way of life, respect for the environment and its natural resources, rituals and festive traditions, aesthetic features of the architecture of the Kazakh dwelling and its interior decoration: the memory of the ancestors, respect for elders and preserving family heirlooms, Islamic faith and the specific spiritual and moral ideals developed in the national environment approaches to child-rearing. Nowadays, it is obvious that culture shapes the human personality as the inheritance of culture, multilateral experience of ancestors presupposes the free choice of the values that this individual learns. At first, this choice carries the environment after school and other institutions of the microspheres of the individual, but as they mature, he begins to choose a wider range of cultural objects, absorbs their spiritual content. The analysis of functional capabilities of the Kazakh national culture leads to the conclusion that the Kazakh culture has enormous educational potential.
Kazakhs have always revered and highly valued their national customs and traditions. It is almost impossible to describe all the traditions followed by Kazakh people in one article, thus only a brief introduction to Kazakh beliefs and customs is given below.
The main tradition of Kazakhs eventually transformed into a peculiarity of national character, is hospitality. In the Kazakh society, there is an unofficial law voiced from ancient times, which says “meet a guest as the God’s messenger”.
Hospitality is considered to be a sacred duty in Kazakh society. At all times, the steppe inhabitants did their best to please their guest. Therefore, each traveler knew that he or she would be welcomed anywhere in the Kazakh land.
Respect for the elderly is another feature of Kazakhs. Traditionally, a child from early childhood is taught to be moderate and honest when dealing with older, wiser and life experienced people.
Appeared in recent years’ axiological approach to education, the essence of which consists in the formation of the valuable relation to reality: The Earth, the Fatherland, a man of knowledge, culture, family, work, World, therefore, eliminates the problem of pedagogy mentality. For a long time, the mentality of the Kazakh nation accumulate the popular conception of a decent life based on values such as goodness, truth and beauty. Search for the truth reflected in the phenomenon of Kazakh life, known as for the truth, was transformed into the question of the Kazakh intelligentsia “what to do?” and become aphoristic expression “Truth is most precious.” The ideal age and gender of the perfect man in Kazakh national pedagogy differentiated in the image of a fearless, good horseman hero, clever, beautiful girl. In these ideals reflected the highest level of moral and spiritual culture of the people. The ideals of inherited socio-genetically through familiarizing the younger generations to spiritual values and culture of the people. On the great educational value of the ideal an expert pointed, in his opinion, “every nation has its own ideal of man and demands of their upbringing play this ideal in individuals”. The special features of the Kazakh mentality are: kindness and generosity; humane worldview; highly developed sense of asceticism. All these qualities can be combined with one concept: spirituality as the first general feature of the Kazakh mentality.
The idealized image of the Kazakh soul created by imagination Kazakh educators, philosophers, poets and writers, has been incorporated historically recognized features of the Kazakh character, such as spirituality, sincerity, humanity, generosity, diligence, efficiency, responsiveness, commitment to universal unity.
